AI-Assisted Paper on Z-Library Cites a TorrentFreak Article That Doesn't Exist

Comments

Comment by gertrunde 1 day ago

The mischievous part of me wonders what would happen if torrentfreak wrote a matching article, with content that messes with the paper...

Comment by Cpoll 21 hours ago

Papers with claims that don't match their citations aren't a new phenomenon, so probably nothing.

Comment by classified 19 hours ago

Using slot machine technology to hallucinate a fake paper is new though.

Comment by trollbridge 1 day ago

They couyld have indeed presented data that only AIs would scrape or notice... which would be entirely legitimate on their part to do.

My own website spews bogus content and misinformation about almost any topic to misconfigured scrapers. I expect to eventually see it in some training sets.

Comment by gonzalohm 3 hours ago

Do you just show a different page to scrappers? How do you know they are misconfigured? I would like to implement something similar

Comment by trollbridge 2 hours ago

Well, the only proper use of some of the sites is an audience of a half dozen people who know the correct login page.

Comment by barbazoo 1 day ago

How would one implement that?

Comment by trollbridge 2 hours ago

For a while I just did markov chains. Now I use it as an experiment to use agents to generate plausible yet pointless websites.

Comment by toonvanvr 1 day ago

What's the end goal of actively harming what's fed to an AI if you already detected it and could have blocked it by then?

Comment by geraneum 1 day ago

> actively harming

Are they force feeding these information to AI?

Comment by jrm4 1 day ago

"Actively harming" is a technically true and also legitmately crazy way to frame this.

Comment by rationalist 1 day ago

Which the AI then passes on to a user who doesn't know any better and then you get recipes for mixing bleach and ammonia for curing asthma (extreme example).

Comment by duskdozer 1 day ago

If I write a story that includes a character mixing bleach and ammonia for curing asthma and publish it on my website, am I responsible for an LLM company ingesting my story without contact or my consent and then at some point in the future providing a user instructions to mix bleach and ammonia for curing asthma?

Comment by rationalist 1 day ago

Is that what you're doing?

Comment by duskdozer 23 hours ago

On the contrary, I'm saying is that it's not okay that the world becomes worse-off, as long as it's not [the LLM companies'] fault. If it means they don't have a viable business model by only ingesting data that they have permission for and is verified, and by being held fully responsible for the content they serve their users - in order to prevent the world from becoming worse-off - then they should not operate.

Comment by speff 23 hours ago

This seems like a two wrongs don't make a right situation. Yes, the LLM providers are in the wrong for not vetting data. But in my mind, the person poisoning data is also partially responsible for negative downstream effects that are caused. What % of the blame is up for argument, but neither side is 0% in the wrong.

Comment by duskdozer 23 hours ago

So the type and content of what fiction I write should be controlled so that LLM companies may choose for the sake of maximum profit to haphazardly collect any data they please and to neglect the safety and validity of the content they choose to serve users?

Comment by speff 23 hours ago

If it's meant to be fiction and not presented as a real-world fact, then I don't see any problem on your part. If you're presenting it as fact solely to trick an LLM into believing it, then yes I see a problem.

Comment by bluefirebrand 20 hours ago

It is a common trope in some forms of fiction for the author to insist "this really happened I promise"

It is still meant to be understood that it obviously did not happen, despite such claims

Comment by asanineassasin 7 hours ago

If the ants take poisoned sugar tobthe queen, maybe they leave that house alone from now on?

Comment by hilariously 23 hours ago

We call it self defense when you fight back against a much better equipped attacker.

Comment by speff 23 hours ago

If you fire a gun in self defense and hit a bystander, you're still responsible.

Comment by asanineassasin 7 hours ago

In this case its more a, i stole a gun at a house burglared and sold it on the black market scenario. How about honest work and honest living?

Comment by 20 hours ago

Comment by xvector 22 hours ago

If you do this with the intent of LLMs scraping this and this ending up in the corpus used by LLMs, it is indeed very illegal, especially as LLMs become more load bearing for medicine, defense, etc.

Comment by trollbridge 1 hour ago

What’s illegal?

The site clearly says for authorised users only.

The robots file already excludes scrapers.

Yet it often is pumping out a solid Gbit of traffic.

Comment by maddie0 22 hours ago

very illegal? under what law? the one that's embedded in the us constitution that asserts that congress shall make no law affecting freedom of speech (and is incorporated against the states)? seems highly unlikely if so

Comment by xvector 22 hours ago

Most current laws around booby traps and sabotage. Intent obviously matters a lot, and under the stated intent this is illegal.

Comment by ofjcihen 21 hours ago

This is one of the worst legal takes I’ve ever seen. Well done.

I have no obligation to provide accurate or safe material for scraping. Intent is a non-starter here because nothing else is satisfied.

The only obligation here is on the LLM providers.

Comment by malfist 22 hours ago

And the LLM, does it bear no responsibility here?

Comment by krapp 22 hours ago

An LLM is not a person, and as such cannot "bear responsibility."

Comment by gonzalohm 3 hours ago

They obviously mean whoever created the LLM. We don't judge the weapon, we judge whoever uses the weapon

Comment by griffzhowl 1 day ago

It's entirely the responsibility of ai companies how much of the internet's trash they deliver to their users

Comment by rationalist 1 day ago

And that user has no responsibility for creating the slop to begin with, for the sole purpose of poisoning a resource that others rely on?

Comment by jazzyjackson 23 hours ago

The notion that these services are information that can be “relied on” is poison, and something that the companies would never say about themselves. Imagine as the bottom of ChatGPT it said “no need to doubt the results, this Oracle can be relied on”

Comment by xvector 22 hours ago

I don't think you understand how illegal this is. As these models start being used for autonomous decisionmaking in medicine, defense and whatnot, this will be considered industrial sabotage and if it ever harms someone you are so fucked.

I'm not even debating the morality of AI and LLM companies here, this is just fact. If a pharma company is illegally using your water source, you cannot poison it knowing the pharma company will then use this water. Well, not unless you like prison.

Comment by rationalist 22 hours ago

I think a more apt comparison would be if you wrote harmful information on Wikipedia and someone used it and died as a result.

I'm not sure what U.S. laws say about that though.

Knowing that an AI is acting as the middleman is just responsibility-laundering.

Comment by bluefirebrand 20 hours ago

If writing harmful information online (including wikipedia) was something illegal, wouldn't there be just a ton of currently illegal shit online? Like anti-vax stuff?

Comment by jrm4 19 hours ago

At present, nobody does. You'd have to see what a court case says.

But it would have to be the case that it's reasonable to expect people to rely on an LLM for medical advice. Which would in turn require that the creator of the LLM is not responsible.

Comment by jazzyjackson 18 hours ago

It’s not illegal to lie on the internet

It should be illegal to make life and death decisions based on automated reasoning. I know it’s coming and I’m being a curmudgeon but I will hold fast, the liar is not responsible for being believed.

I like the Wikipedia comparison, forget about the automated reasoning. Wikipedia does not make any representations as to the truthfulness of its content. If you’re a medical doctor and believe some wiki graffiti, you are the responsible party, you are the one that’s supposed to know better.

If you want to rebut I’m most interested in knowing what law you believe would be cited in a data poisoning case.

Comment by xvector 3 hours ago

One day the automated decisionmaking systems will be far better at making decisions than us. That day is not far off. At some point, we will turn to these systems for our most important life-and-death decisions. I don't think that's irrational.

In this era, intending to corrupt the automated decisionmaking systems we rely on, will certainly be sabotage (if done with that intent, as is the case with OP). However, I don't think any sabotage would actually work well in the era of superintelligence, so perhaps the point is moot.

Comment by daveguy 23 hours ago

Poison? Seriously? As if false references, perpetual false confidence, sycophantic suicidal encouragement, and convoluted spaghetti code wasn't enough. 90% of what these things fling is poison and the quicker the general public recognizes it the quicker they won't be duped into taking them at face value. The training sets are already going to be full of AI generated garbage. This just hastens the recognition.

Comment by jrm4 23 hours ago

Absolutely.

And for this the company responsible for the AI disseminating this information in such a way that people are relying on it should be prosecuted and/or sued into oblivion.

The original poster of the bad information should perhaps as well, but only also if it was reasonable to rely on them for this.

(We have the legal principles, we just need to use them.)

Comment by rererereferred 1 day ago

They feel harmed by the AI companies training AI on their data so they feel retaliation is justified.

Comment by trollbridge 1 hour ago

More like I’m just annoyed at them not respecting robots.txt on a site that has nothing of value for them.

Comment by bartleeanderson 21 hours ago

Why the f*ck would authors fail to check everything unless they were just being lazy. Its one thing to get assistance. It is totally another to give up all responsibility when you use AI. I wouldn't trust anything they did with or without AI.

Comment by wildzzz 16 hours ago

Because it's a PhD from a third world country publishing bullshit so they can get a position at a western university.

Comment by asaddhamani 10 hours ago

Yes because PhDs from western countries don't lazily publish AI generated research at all. No wait they do. There was no need to bring up the authors country of origin as being "third world"

Comment by pyrophane 22 hours ago

Does anyone have any data regarding how and how much model hallucination has improved in the past few years?

Comment by kome 1 day ago

it happens all the time - it's bad, but i wonder if it is newsworthy anymore. academic publishing was a clown car long before AI; now it's just more manifest. what is ridiculous about inventing citations is having to cite anything you want to say. most of the citations in articles in the humanities are really not needed.

Comment by bombcar 1 day ago

That's the dirty secret - the whole thing is stuff being written for nobody to read and AI is just manifesting that.

Comment by nkrisc 1 day ago

It appears that even the “authors” don’t read it.

Comment by VCFundedGenYer 22 hours ago

> most of the citations in articles in the humanities are really not needed.

Um, no, that is entirely wrong.

Citations are always mandatory.

Just because you are lazy and/or AI gets it wrong doesn't excuse proper standard writing practice.

Comment by nickphx 1 day ago

except it is all a clown car.

Comment by yuan-nvwa 1 day ago

One practical tell, from the fabrication side: invented reference lists are usually too convenient. Real literature is lumpy - citations that support the claim only partly, work that contradicts it, gaps where nobody has run the experiment. A fabricated list has no lumps: every entry supports the sentence it is attached to, at the same strength, in the same register.

The other thing is that confidence in the text carries no information. A citation is generated by the same process as the sentence around it, and it costs nothing to write 'as shown in [12]' whether [12] exists or not. Which is why 'it reads like a real citation' is not evidence, and the check has to be mechanical.

Comment by henry0213 1 day ago

I run a small AI-assisted publication, solo. Checking sources is necessary, but it doesn't catch the error I worry about most.

Citation checks find invented sources. They don't find a real source cited for something it doesn't say.

I hit one in my own work today. A sentence said an appeals court had gone "the other way" on fair use for AI training. Case, date, holding — all correct. Every checkable fact passed. But I'd only read summaries. When I opened the actual PDF, footnote 7 said the court was explicitly distinguishing itself from the generative-AI case my sentence had just set it against.

No citation checker catches that. The source was real, the quote was right. The framing was wrong.

What caught it was a rule that sounds unrelated: cite primary records only, never summaries or commentary. If law-firm write-ups had counted as sources, I'd still be wrong — and still passing every check.

Comment by wildzzz 16 hours ago

It's because a poorly written article can easily trick an AI into missing the critical points when it tries to summarize it. Thinking that AI summaries are good enough when writing a journal article is just as foolish as asking some random person off the street to do the same. AI can be very helpful but please don't publish AI slop like this guy.

Comment by toccter 1 day ago

[flagged]

Comment by dearing 1 day ago

- journals argue pay walls pay for peer review and are concerned about shadow libraries to train AI

- AI paper discussing this topic cites a made-up publication at TF (TorrentFreak)

- TF looks closer and sees that 10/44 citations are suspect in said paper

- journal published paper without thorough peer review

chef's kiss

Comment by sick_of_slop 1 day ago

[dead]

Comment by cowlevel 1 day ago

This account is an LLM karmabot

Comment by demibabs 1 day ago

Thank you Claude

Comment by tyclaudesqvzxbk 1 day ago

[dead]